Uma crítica das definições de migração climática e ambiental
Rumo a uma ecologia política da migração
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-858525038800032202Palavras-chave:
transformação socioecológica, acumulação primitiva , ecologia mundial , crítica epistemológica , Abdelmalek SayadResumo
Este artigo analisa o conceito de migrações ambientais e climáticas, revelando complexidades e contradições inerentes às suas definições oficiais. A análise traça as raízes históricas das discussões sobre migração ambiental, começando na década de 1980. Metodologicamente, o estudo examina as definições fornecidas por organizações internacionais e defende uma estrutura de ecologia política inspirada na sociologia das migrações de Sayad, desafiando conceitos predominantes, como “refugiados ambientais” e “refugiados climáticos”, e destacando a natureza controversa desses termos. O artigo enfatiza a necessidade de se afastar de uma abordagem orientada para a emergência e, em vez disso, adotar uma perspectiva de ecologia política, que explore a mobilidade humana em contextos socioecológicos. Critica-se o foco predominante no deslocamento induzido por fatores climáticos, defendendo uma compreensão mais abrangente baseada em dimensões políticas e históricas. Ao transcender reduções epistemológicas, o estudo contribui para debates em andamento sobre questões atuais de migração, promovendo uma abordagem mais matizada e inclusiva para enfrentar os desafios intrincados impostos pelas mudanças ambientais e mobilidade humana.
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