Redes sociales e integración de los inmigrantes. El caso de las mujeres ecuatorianas residentes en Sevilla
Keywords:
Red migratoria, Capital social, Subordinación estructural, Empoderamiento, EmpoderamentoAbstract
El concepto de red incorpora importantes ventajas al estudio de las migraciones. Para el caso ecuatoriano, ha sido documentado el modo en que las redes migratorias impulsan el propio flujo migratorio a España y le dan forma, cómo consiguen amortiguar el impacto de la primera fase de inserción y la manera en que sostienen los cauces de comunicación con la sociedad de origen. Conforme los proyectos migratorios se dilatan, cobra fuerza el debate sobre la incorporación de los inmigrantes a las sociedades de destino. Se observa entonces que emergen discursos que presuponen a las redes que los migrantes tejen en destino como un potencial genérico en términos de capital social para la integración. Sin embargo, el caso representado por las mujeres ecuatorianas residentes en la ciudad de Sevilla nos obliga a cuestionar seriamente qué conceptos como capital social o empoderamiento deban ser usados para describir los efectos de las redes sociales en la integración de los inmigrantes.
Palabras-claves: Red migratoria; Capital social; Subordinación estructural; Empoderamiento
The concept of network incorporates important advantages into the study of migrations. In the Ecuadorean case, it has been widely documented the way in which the migratory networks stimulate and give shape to the migratory flow to Spain; how they manage to absorb the impact of the first phase of insertion and the way in which they keep channels of communication with the home society. As the migration projects extend, the debate about the immigrants incorporation into the host society becomes a priority. We are able to then observe the emergency of discourses which assign a generic potential to the networks created by the migrants in the host society in terms of social capital for the integration. Nevertheless, the case represented by the Ecuadoran resident women in the city of Seville forces us to question seriously that concepts like social capital or empowerment should be used to describe the effects of the social networks in the integration of the immigrants.
Keywords: Migratory networks; Social capital; Structural subordination; Empowerment
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